Those waves can be intercepted and reflected by objects – perhaps a metal object, like an aluminum-skinned plane or missile, or a fluid object such as precipitation. The reflection of the waves helps radar operators determine many features of that object – distance, direction, speed, shape, range, etc.

For example, Lockheed Martin’s TPY-4 uses a rotating Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) with Gallium Nitride (GaN) transmitter technology to run multiple missions simultaneously, while operating in contested electromagnetic environments, and detect and track with greater efficiency and reliability. 

All this digital data is then processed in real time to determine the range and trajectory of detected objects, as well as their threat level. Are we simply tracking a bird? Or is it a unmanned aerial vehicle, a cruise missile or a fighter jet? Is it friendly or is it hostile?

All this information allows the operator to act accordingly.

The brand new Sentinel A4 air and missile defense radar will provide improved capability in contested environments against cruise missiles, unmanned aerial systems, rotary wing and fixed wing aircraft, and rocket, artillery, and mortar threats. The Sentinel A4 includes enhanced surveillance, detection, and classification capabilities to protect U.S. Army maneuver formations. This level of technology is a game changer for our troops, allowing soldiers to operate in a more secure warfighting environment, improving capabilities against multiple evolving threats.